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The second diagram from above forms the bridge driver stage for the proposed Arduino PWM, 3 phase inverter design, using the IC IRS2330 bridge driver chip. This stage is used for bifurcating the Arduino PWM pulses into complementary high/low logic pairs so that the a bridge 3 phase inverter driver IC IC IRS2330 can be made compatible with the fed PWMs. The first diagram is wired using six NOT gates from the IC 4049. The following diagrams are designed to work as a 3 phase PWM controlled inverter from an Arduino. I have already discussed this elaborately in one of my earlier articles, and it is strictly advised to refer to this article and implement the mosfets as per the given guidelines. Some Safety TipsĪs we all know that mosfets in 3 phase inverter circuits can be quite vulnerable to damage due to many risky parameters involved with such concepts, especially when inductive loads are used. In such circumstance the diode will need to be a ultra fast recovery type to minimize the magnitude of charge from being forced back from the bootstrap capacitor towards the supply rails of the IC. Having said that, the over temperature leakage characteristic of the diode can be a crucial to be considered, especially in situations where the bootstrap capacitor may be supposed to store its charge for reasonably sustained amount of time. Since this value looks quite minimal and most diodes would have a much higher current rating than this normally, specific attention may not be essential. This looks fairly easy to understand, however for calculating the current rating, we may have to do some math by multiplying the gate charge magnitude with the switching frequency.įor example if the mosfet IRF450 is used with a switching frequency of 100kHz, the current rating for the diode would be around 12mA.
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The diodes activate or are enabled in the forward bias mode when the high side mosfets are turned on and the potential around them is almost equal to the BUS voltage across the full bridge mosfet voltage lines, therefore the bootstrap diode must be rated enough to be able to block the full applied voltage as specified in the specific diagrams. The above equations can be used for calculating the capacitor value for the bootstrap network, for the associated diode we have to consider the following criteria:
ICIRCUIT ARDUINO HOW TO
These parts play a crucial role in implementing precise switching of the high side mosfets, and the stages are called bootstrapping network.Īlthough already given in the diagram, the values of these capacitors could be specifically calculated using the following formula: How to Calculate the Bootstrap Diodes How to Calculate the Bootstrap CapacitorsĪs we can see in the above figures, a circuit requires a couple of external components near the mosfets in the form of diodes and capacitors. Remember, the Arduino needs sometime to boot, therefore it is recommended to switch ON the Arduino first and then switch ON the +12V supply to the driver circuit after a few seconds.
Once the above designs are constructed, the intended result could be quickly verified by switching ON the system. Once the driver board is assembled, the BC547 transistors are hooked up with the HIN and LIN inputs of the IC, and illustrated in the following figure: To begin with, we join the 3 ICs to form the intended 3 phase mosfet driver stage, as given below: IC IR2112 - 3 nos (or any similar 3 phase driver IC)Ĭapacitor 10uF/25V and 1uF/25V = 3 nos eachġN4148 = 3nos (1N4148 is recommended over 1N4007)
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Once you have burned and confirmed the above code in your Arduino, it's time to move ahead and configure the remaining circuit stages.įor this you will need the following parts which hopefully you might have already procured: The assumed waveform using the above code could be visualized in the following diagram: initialize digital pin 13,12&8 as an output. Moreover, it is much easier to get off-the-shelf efficient digital ICs for the purpose at much cheaper rates.īefore building the complete inverter circuit, we first need to program the following Arduino code inside an Arduino UNO board, and then proceed with the rest of the details. This is because creating an Arduino based 3 phase driver can be extremely complex and is not recommended.
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In the present concept also we configure the main power stage using these specialized driver ICs, but the 3 phase signal generator is created using an Arduino.
We have already studied an effective yet simple 3 phase inverter circuit in one of our earlier posts which relied on opamps for generating the 3 phase square wave signals, while the 3 phase push pull signals for driving the mosfets was implemented using specialized 3 phase driver ICs. In this post we learn how to make a simple microprocessor Arduino based 3 phase inverter circuit which could be upgraded as per user preference for operating a given 3 phase load.